China has pressed ahead with a major upgrade of the communications and intelligence-gathering infrastructure at its military base in Djibouti since 2024, U.S. think tank Center for Strategic and International Studies reported on Sept. 17. Using satellite imagery, CSIS details China's construction of antennas for high-frequency, ultra-high frequency and satellite communications at the base, with the report noting that these upgrades "very likely" provide China with a forward command, control, communications, computers, intelligence, surveillance and reconnaissance (C4ISR) architecture in the country.