U.S. and Iranian negotiators reached a memorandum of understanding to extend their ceasefire and begin negotiations on Iran's nuclear program, although U.S. President Donald Trump and Iranian leadership must still approve the draft, Axios reported on May 28, citing U.S. officials. Hours earlier, U.S. Central Command said in a May 28 X post that Kuwaiti forces had intercepted an Iranian ballistic missile attack targeting a U.S. base on May 27 following clashes around the Strait of Hormuz.

The clash comes days after the U.S. Central Command announced that the U.S. military had conducted "self-defense" attacks against Iran. On May 27, the United States sanctioned Iran's newly established Persian Gulf Strait Authority, which intends to collect tolls from ships transiting the Strait of Hormuz.