Pakistan summoned a senior Afghan diplomat and issued a strong demarche two days after a May 9 militant attack in northwest Pakistan killed at least 14 police officers, Reuters reported on May 11. Meanwhile, Afghanistan has in recent weeks "ordered" senior members of the Afghanistan-based anti-Pakistan Tehrik-i-Taliban Pakistan militant group to relocate from Kabul to an unspecified location south of the capital, Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty reported on May 8, citing two unnamed members of the TTP.

The most recent round of fighting began in late February amid intensifying border clashes and Pakistani strikes against targets in multiple Afghan cities. The intensity and frequency of clashes have since declined, and China has worked to mediate a resolution, though few reports of significant progress in talks have emerged.