Iran sent a revised peace proposal for the United States to Pakistan, the two countries' mediator, even as U.S. forces remain positioned in the region for a resumed strike campaign, Reuters reported on May 1. Meanwhile, a White House official argued that hostilities with Iran had "terminated," an apparent attempt to stave off a legally mandated 60-day War Powers Act deadline for the United States to begin withdrawing from the conflict, barring congressional authorization of continued use of force.

Israel's Channel 12 reported that the military was taking steps to prepare for a resumption of war as early as the week of May 4, and Defense Minister Israel Katz said the country was preparing for more escalation as Iran reconstituted its armed forces. The Pentagon has presented the White House with several new strike options against Iran, including attacks on oil and gas infrastructure, attacks on infrastructure related to the blockade of the Strait of Hormuz, and ground invasions of Iranian islands, though it is unclear what choice Trump has made. Reports have also suggested he might declare victory and abandon the conflict without resolving shipping disruptions in the Strait of Hormuz in an attempt to shift the public narrative in the United States, where the war is deeply unpopular.