Iranian media said the United States and Israel attacked Iran's South Pars gas field and the Asaluyeh gas processing plant, marking the first attack on an upstream facility in the Iran war, Bloomberg reported on March 18. In response, Iran threatened to attack energy assets in Qatar, Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates, stating that they had become "legitimate targets."

Israeli Defense Minister Israel Katz said on March 18 that strikes killed Iran's intelligence minister after Israel killed Iran's Supreme National Security Council head, Ali Larijani. Meanwhile, Iranian Foreign Minister Abbas Araghchi said Iran's nuclear doctrine did not need to change — though the new supreme leader has not publicly clarified his views — and added that Iran would need a new protocol for the Strait of Hormuz after the conflict ended. Separately, Israel has conducted additional strikes against bridges reportedly used by Lebanon's Hezbollah and against Hezbollah-linked financial institutions. Israel also attacked a U.N. Interim Force in Lebanon position, which it later apologized for.