Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu said on March 12 that Israel would create the "optimal conditions" for Iran's regime to fall, though he acknowledged that he was uncertain that Iranians would overthrow the government, the Times of Israel reported March 13. The statements came after Israeli attacks on Basij security checkpoints in Tehran and just ahead of likely Israeli strikes on Quds Day pro-government demonstrations in Tehran.

Israeli, Saudi and Emirati air defenses intercepted additional waves of drones and missiles on March 13, though a drone interception damaged the Dubai International Financial Center. A drone attack targeting the Sohar region of Oman killed two foreigners, the first fatalities recorded in Oman since the start of the conflict. Israel conducted more than 200 strikes on western and central Iran, targeting missile sites, weapons-production facilities and air defenses. A U.S. refueling plane crashed in Iraq, killing four of the six crew members on board. The incident is still under investigation and was not a result of enemy or friendly fire. One French soldier was also killed in Iraq in an Iranian attack.