Russia's Gazprom and Kazakhstan signed a memorandum of understanding on a new cross-border gas pipeline and an agreement outlining long-term processing of Kazakh gas at Russia's Orenburg Gas Processing Plant, RIA Novosti reported on Oct. 8. The proposed 10 bcm-per-year pipeline would supply northern and northeastern Kazakhstan, while the Orenburg deal covers processing of Karachaganak field gas under a 20- to 25-year framework tied to modernizing the plant.