
As the digital information landscape increasingly shapes global populations' perceptions of political and social developments, Western governments are attempting to implement stricter content moderation policies that uphold democratic principles like free speech while combating disinformation, hate speech and incitement of violence. However, government-enforced moderation efforts often spark resentment from societies that perceive state-level interference in social media domains as an infringement on their rights. As a result, Western governments are left with few viable options to reduce malign content in the short term. In the absence of effective government action, the tech giants behind social media platforms like Facebook, Instagram, Telegram, WhatsApp, X (formally Twitter), YouTube and TikTok are becoming the predominant regulators of how social narratives are shaped and disseminated. To this end, social media companies employ a variety of algorithms to shape users' experiences and filter the content they see.