Old disputes over the nationalization of its oil industry 11 years ago are coming back to haunt Venezuela and further threaten its political stability. In April, an arbitration panel at the International Chamber of Commerce ruled that state-owned Petroleos de Venezuela (PDVSA) owed ConocoPhillips $2 billion for seizing the U.S. company's assets in 2007. Complicating matters for Venezuela's energy company, other creditors and private companies are also looking for compensation, including Canadian energy contractor SNC-Lavalin, which has sued PDVSA for missing a $25 million payment. To prod PDVSA into paying the $2 billion it owes, ConocoPhillips sought court orders from Dutch authorities to freeze assets, including crude oil, at Caribbean export facilities owned by PDVSA. Courts with jurisdiction over Bonaire and St. Eustatius enforced two of the orders; a Curacao court has authorized a third order, according to reports on May 12.