U.S. President Donald Trump's supply chain risk-mitigating policies , particularly for strategic commodities and technology, will take time to pay off while leading to increasing international economic fragmentation, which will raise costs for companies . Last year, the United States was forced to de-escalate its trade war against China after Beijing imposed wide-ranging controls on the export of critical commodities, which threatened to bring U.S. industrial production to a halt in sectors such as autos and defense. According to the U.S. Geological Survey, the United States is heavily reliant on foreign imports of nonfuel minerals, primarily from China. By comparison, U.S. dependence on semiconductor imports is less significant because while imports represent a significant share of consumption, the supplier base is more diversified.